The history of Brest Airport dates back to September 1945. By 1968, the old airport operated eleven scheduled flights daily. However, in the jet age, the old Brest Airport could only accommodate turboprop aircraft.

The construction of a new airport near Brest was decided in the early 1970s, with plans to build one of the most modern airport complexes in the USSR. Before 1976, the airport was located on the Kamieniec Highway.

The first phase of the airport was constructed in 1976. On July 30, 1976, the first jet-powered passenger aircraft, a Tupolev Tu-134A, landed at the new airport.

In 1985, over 100,000 passengers were dispatched from the airport, along with more than 700 tons of cargo and mail.

On 15 October 1986, the airport terminal complex was officially commissioned. Architects: V. Arsenyev, A. Lyashuk, V. Keskevich, R. Shilay and V. Gapyienko. The airport complex was designed to handle 400 passengers per hour and was equipped with a shop, restaurant, bar, and a canteen. This architectural achievement earned the prestigious State Prize of the Belarusian SSR in 1988. A new 3 km-long runway was built, along with the main infrastructure. For transit passengers and Aeroflot staff, there was the Mechta Hotel at the airport.

On July 3, 1987, the aircraft brand new Tu-154, landed in Brest, bringing 120 passengers from Moscow.

The peak of the airport's traffic came in 1990, when 340,000 passengers used its services. In 1991, Aeroflot opened its longest route: Brest-Chelyabinsk-Novosibirsk-Chita-Vladivostok.

During the time of the Soviet Union, air routes connected Brest with 15 cities across the USSR, including Moscow, Kyiv, Chișinău, Mineralnye Vody, Minsk, and Mogilev. Flights were operated by aircraft such as the AN-2, AN-24, Yak-40, and Tu-134.

Belarus

The first international flight on the Bangkok–Brest route, operated by a cargo Ilyushin Il-76, was carried out on December 21, 1990.

On May 19, 1993, Brest Airport was granted international status. In 1993, due to low profitability, eight passenger routes were discontinued, and the frequency of flights on the remaining routes was significantly reduced. The runway was reconstructed and is now capable of accommodating heavy-class aircraft such as the Boeing 737 and Ilyushin Il-86.

Despite a slight increase in passenger traffic, Brest Airport reported only 8,400 passengers in 2013.

In May 2017, the planned reconstruction of the runway (first phase) began, and it was completed in July 2018. During the reconstruction, the turnaround pockets at the ends of the runway were modified, increasing their size and changing their shape (from semicircular to trapezoidal). The asphalt-concrete surface was replaced, and its strength was increased. Additionally, the perimeter fence around the airport was completely replaced, and new lighting and signaling equipment from Siemens was installed (along the runway 290° course).

The second phase of reconstruction started in July 2018 and included the replacement of the asphalt-concrete surface at aircraft parking areas, the application of new runway and apron markings, partial reconstruction of the terminal complex, and the construction of new parking spaces for passengers and visitors. New ramps, a fuel tanker, and de-icing equipment for aircraft were also put into operation.

Brest Airport has not been accepting regular flights since 2019-2024, and there has been no charter tourist program since 2021-2024.

In 2024, Belavia launched a regular flight from Brest to Moscow (Russia), and in 2025, it started a service to Saint Petersburg (Russia).

From 2024 Belavia resumes seasonal charter flights to Antalya and in 2025 to Sharm El Sheikh.